20 Biology Essay Topics Hooking Ideas to Discuss in Evolutionary Biology Niche

20 Biology Essay Topics Hooking Ideas to Discuss in Evolutionary Biology Niche Welcome to our second guide where we discuss 20 topics for a cause and effect essay on evolutionary biology. These topics will eventually help you kickstart the writing process without spending too much time or energy on unnecessary research or deciding what to write about. Furthermore, we’ve also included a sample essay hand picked from one of these 20 topics, so you can have a good idea of how a cause and effect essay should be written. You can replicate our essay if you want, but after reading all our guides, we assure you that you would be effortlessly writing a superb essay on your own. If you haven’t already gone through our first guide, 10 facts for a cause and effect essay on evolutionary biology, we urge you to read that before going further, as our first guide helps you build a solid foundation on the subject matter, so you can have a proper context to base your writing on. You also do not want to miss out on our third guide, how to write a cause and effect essay on evolutionary biology, which clearly explains how a cause and effect essay is written, how it’s formatted and what the outlines and methods are, in order to make it stand out in every way. Here are 20 topics on writing an evolutionary biology essay: Stellar Evolution Revealed: The Theory that Tries to Disapprove the Big Bang Theory Life Evolution: The Twin Theories of Spontaneous Generation and Lamarckism The Reasons Why Creationists Believe that Everything is Created by a â€Å"Master Designer† What is â€Å"The Argument by Design† and How Does it Disprove Evolutionary Theory? How Evolutionary Biology has Affected Science, Society and Culture The Revelation of Charles Darwin and His Famous Book â€Å"The Origin of Species† Does â€Å"Evolutionary Biology† Pack Authentic Evidence Which Signifies its Importance as an Applicable Theory? 7 Scientific Theories that Debunk Charles Darwin’s Evolutionary Theories How the First and Second Law of Thermodynamics Contradict Charles Darwin’s Theory What Happened in the French Caribbean Island of Guadeloupe in 1812 that Laid the Evolution Theory to Rest? What are Common Misconceptions about Evolution That Are Still Taught Today? Why Creationism Seems More Scientific than Evolution The Evolution Theory – Did Charles Darwin Made it All Up Based on Assumptions Only? How the Evolution Theory Affects Science and Humans Beings The Theories that Influenced Charles Darwin to Hypothesize the Evolution Theory What was the Main Purpose of Creating the Evolution Theory? Was it Really Based on Scientific Facts and Figures? The Reason Why Almost All Biologists Believed Charles Darwin’s Conclusion that Evolution Had Occurred What Made Charles Darwin Write â€Å"The Origin of Species†. How the Evolution Theory Was Debunked by the Foundations of True Science What was â€Å"The X Club† All About? What Kind of Roles Did it Play in Science? We are certain that you will find these topics relevant to your assignment and you now have something really interesting to write about. One thing’s for sure that you will not get stuck in the initial stages since you have at least 20 topics to choose from. Before we move to our next guide, how to write a cause and effect essay on evolutionary biology, take a look at the sample below, which has been written on one of the topics above: Cause and Effect Sample Essay: 7 Scientific Theories that Debunk Charles Darwin’s Evolutionary Theories Before the 1800s, scientists believed that the world we live in was created by a Master Designer, i.e. God. These scientists were hard workers and dedicated their life to researching and finding scientific facts about the origin of species. However, after the 1900s, philosophers who were rich and powerful, and had influence on society, suppressed those scientific endeavors in order to make their own hypotheses, just to make a name for themselves. William Paley, best known for his Natural Theology, explained that when we see the world, its complexity and how it works, it is clear that there is a Master Designer who has created this masterpiece. In fact, the â€Å"Argument of Design† states that it is unwise, and in some ways, foolish to think that anything at all might come into existence on its own. For example, if we see a watch, we know that it’s been crafted by someone who’s an expert in his/her field. The same goes for the universe; whoever made it must be a master at his craft. It’s a remarkable fact that Charles Darwin’s Evolution Theory was completely debunked even before it was published in his book, â€Å"The Origin of Species†. Carl Linn, one of the earnest creationists at the time, classified numerous species and during his scientific voyage, did not see any proof of ‘halfway species’. This is why he concluded that there were no crossover species, since every form of species are distinct and varied, even though there can be sub-species. However, he still maintained that it was impossible to have halfway species. The First Law of Thermodynamics is one of the most remarkable and highly respected theories today about the origins of the universe. This theory talks about the law of conservation of energy and how, no matter what size or shape, the amount of energy in a particular matter stays the same. This law clearly debunks several evolutionary theories that Charles Darwin had proposed – without scientific facts, it might be noted. The Second Law of Thermodynamics states the same and completely puts the basics of the evolutionary theory to rest, which is: simple evolves into complex. In the law of entropy, in plain words, everything runs down, wears out and is reduced to pieces. One of the most well-authenticated discoveries that also discredit the Evolution Theory is the discovery of a human skeleton in the French Caribbean island of Guadeloupe. This human skeleton dates back to 28 million years – estimated by modern geologists by determining the age of a slab of limestone, in which the skeleton was found. Modern human skeletons have also been found in the depths of the strata. Mendel was a great scientist and a creationist as well. For several years, he bred garden peas and did multiple researches to study the results of crossing various breeds. His work was completed in about eight years and when he revealed his findings, it was distributed among 120 renowned libraries around the world. However, his journal was rejected by the Scientific Society because it, in fact, went against the Evolutionary Theory. In conclusion, his work laid the foundation of modern genetics and revealed that there is a barrier between species that doesn’t allow them to transmute with one another. It was in the 1900s, when his research was discovered again and changed the world of modern genetics. Louis Pasteur was another great scientist who disproved the evolutionary basis: the spontaneous generation theory. This theory states that all living things came into existence from a nonliving material. The evidence behind this was that when a pile of clothes were to remain in a corner for a long time, they would breed mice! However, the reality was that mice would gather around that pile and nest in that place for comfort, warmth and perhaps, to feast on the clothes. Lamarckism, one of the strongest foundations of evolutionary theory, was also disproved by a German scientist, August Friedrich Leopold Weismann. To disprove â€Å"the inheritance of acquired characteristics†, he conducted an experiment on 901 young white mice by cutting off their tails. He did this 19 times (in every successive generation). However, each successive generation was born with a full-length tail. Yet, modern evolutionists still teach Lamarck today, in this modern day and age. Another fact that circumcision of Jewish people doesn’t affect growth on the foreskin put the theory of evolution into question and the legacy of Charles Darwin himself as well. There are a plethora of scientific facts that disprove evolutionary biology and point out that there is a Master Designer who has created this complex world we live in. Despite relying relentlessly on hypothesis with no scientific evidence or proof, our generation still studies evolutionary biology based on the origin of species that we see and perceive. This is utterly wrong and should be done away with completely – so that people can have a broader perspective in general and their researches, along with scientific facts they gather, lead to much more. As promised, you now have a sample essay which will assist you in writing an exceptional cause and effect essay on evolutionary biology. Let’s head on to our third and final guide, how to write a cause and effect essay on evolutionary biology. References: Harvey, P. H., Pagel, M. D. (1991). The comparative method in evolutionary biology (Vol. 239). Oxford: Oxford university press. Huelsenbeck, J. P., Ronquist, F., Nielsen, R., Bollback, J. P. (2001). Bayesian inference of phylogeny and its impact on evolutionary biology. science, 294(5550), 2310-2314. Bookstein, F. L. (1985). Morphometrics in evolutionary biology: the geometry of size and shape change, with examples from fishes. Academy of Natural Sciences. Chagnon, N. A., Irons, W. (1979). Evolutionary biology and human social behavior: An anthropological perspective. J. Edison Adams, (1967) Plants: An Introduction to Modern Biology, p. 585 Chris Colby, (1996) Introduction to Evolutionary Biology talkorigins.org/faqs/faq-intro-to-biology.html Huelsenbeck, J. P., Ronquist, F., Nielsen, R., Bollback, J. P. (2001). Bayesian inference of phylogeny and its impact on evolutionary biology. science, 294(5550), 2310-2314.

Free Essays on Twains View Of Religion In Huck Finn

Religion is useless, worthless, mindless and for those not grounded in reality. Or so Mark Twain would say, as indicated in the novel Huckleberry Finn. Twain’s attitude towards religion, one of cynicism and mockery, is thinly veiled in this story. Although sometimes considered a children’s anecdote, Huckleberry Finn takes shots at Christianity that clearly illustrate the author’s viewpoint towards organized religion. Mark Twain has no patience for religion or for those who subscribe to its validity. Far from being a devout Bible believer, Twain considers religion superstition. In fact, from looking at the novel, you could deduce that Twain has more respect for superstition than for religion. For example, Huck expects bad luck to follow in his wake after accidentally killing a spider and later touching a rattlesnake skin. Soon afterwards, bad luck does follow in the form of Huck’s father returning and Jim being bitten by a snake. However, when Huck prays to the Lord and nothing happens, we are thereby given the assumption that religion is worthless. Religion is portrayed as being more worthless, in fact, than seemingly irrational superstition. Although superstitious people are usually regarded as gullible and insecure people, Twain portrays religious people as even more gullible and insecure in his story. According to Twain, religious people are naive and overly impractical. For example, when Huck’s father is taken in by the new judge, his conversion is pronounced loud and clear, with the judges family being taken in by Huck’s father’s act. Additionally, the revival meeting made a great fool out of religion and moves of God. Not only does this promote the gullibility of Christians but also the powerlessness and impracticality of God and His Word. Tom Sawyer takes all his ideas and his ‘rules’ (for the gang of thieves and for helping Jim escape) from books. Books thus form a foundation for civilization... Free Essays on Twain's View Of Religion In Huck Finn Free Essays on Twain's View Of Religion In Huck Finn Religion is useless, worthless, mindless and for those not grounded in reality. Or so Mark Twain would say, as indicated in the novel Huckleberry Finn. Twain’s attitude towards religion, one of cynicism and mockery, is thinly veiled in this story. Although sometimes considered a children’s anecdote, Huckleberry Finn takes shots at Christianity that clearly illustrate the author’s viewpoint towards organized religion. Mark Twain has no patience for religion or for those who subscribe to its validity. Far from being a devout Bible believer, Twain considers religion superstition. In fact, from looking at the novel, you could deduce that Twain has more respect for superstition than for religion. For example, Huck expects bad luck to follow in his wake after accidentally killing a spider and later touching a rattlesnake skin. Soon afterwards, bad luck does follow in the form of Huck’s father returning and Jim being bitten by a snake. However, when Huck prays to the Lord and nothing happens, we are thereby given the assumption that religion is worthless. Religion is portrayed as being more worthless, in fact, than seemingly irrational superstition. Although superstitious people are usually regarded as gullible and insecure people, Twain portrays religious people as even more gullible and insecure in his story. According to Twain, religious people are naive and overly impractical. For example, when Huck’s father is taken in by the new judge, his conversion is pronounced loud and clear, with the judges family being taken in by Huck’s father’s act. Additionally, the revival meeting made a great fool out of religion and moves of God. Not only does this promote the gullibility of Christians but also the powerlessness and impracticality of God and His Word. Tom Sawyer takes all his ideas and his ‘rules’ (for the gang of thieves and for helping Jim escape) from books. Books thus form a foundation for civilization...

Successful after-school program Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 20750 words

Successful after-school program - Essay Example Considerable attention and resources have been directed to after-school programs, particularly those that serve urban students and even more specifically those that serve at-risk students in urban schools. However, little is known about the origin, mission, or goals of after-school programs (Halpern, 2002), and even less is known about the impact on academics of the students who participate in these programs. More attention is being presently focused on these programs because there is a growing awareness that all students, including those who differ in some way from the â€Å"average† student, must be provided with an equitable, non-stigmatizing education (Montgomery and Rossi, 1994). Academic-based after-school programs may be one way that professionals can supplement the traditionally under-achieving at-risk students’ knowledge, skills, and abilities and help them reach and remain at-grade-level performance. Neither student diversity nor after-school programs are new to America’s school system. One account suggests that these programs emerged at the start of the 20th century as a result of an economic and ideological shift in the United States from using children as laborers to placing children in classrooms (Halpern, 2000). Children are no longer working with their parents in a factory or in the fields. As the century progressed, other trends, such as women working outside the home (and the subsequent â€Å"latch-key kid†), emerged (Lopoo, 2005)... 5 Summary 6 CHAPTER II: REVIEW OF LITERATURE 6 Introduction 6 History of After-school Programs 7 No Child Left Behind 9 Federal Role of Out-of-School Learning 12 At-Risk Students 13 Computer Usage in After-school Programs 14 Attendance and Academic Success 16 Benefits of Math After-School Programs 17 Summary 17 CHAPTER III: METHODOLOGY 18 Introduction 18 Research Questions and Hypotheses 19 Research Questions 19 Hypotheses 19 Background and Purpose 19 Methodological Design 20 Participants 22 Data Collection and Analysis 23 Consent and Confidentiality 24 Assumptions and Limitations 25 Summary 25 CHAPTER IV: RESULTS 27 Introduction 27 Description of Participants (Demographics) 27 Students’ Academic Performance 28 Analysis of responses to questionnaire 1: Student participation 31 Detailed analysis of each part 31 Further analysis through categorization of the responses 37 Identification of strengths and weaknesses of the program 39 Analysis of responses to the second questionnair e: Open-ended questions 40 2-1 Where the students went after school before the program 40 2-2 How often the students were alone before the program 42 2-3 Improvement in schoolwork after attending the program 43 2-4 Classes that would help to get a job in future 43 2-5 Usefulness of the computer lab at the program 45 2-6 Usefulness of the program in scoring better on the report card 45 2-7 Main language spoken at home 45 2-8 Affect of program on liking to attend school 45 2-9 Willingness to attend another program 47 2-10 Future goals since attending the program 47 2-11 How participation in the program could help to achieve future goals 50 2-12 Whether the program would be recommended to friends 52 Analysis of results from the parental evaluation 53 Detailed analysis of each response 53 Summary

The way police use racial profiling is a big societal problem to how Essay

The way police use racial profiling is a big societal problem to how justice is administered - Essay Example What is even more interesting is the phenomenon related with giving jobs and amenities to a certain race or segment within the society, and this is in direct opposition to how normalcy can be understood within the domains of a society. The racial profiling measures, if undertaken by the police within a society bank on doing away with the norms that thus exist, however this is hardly the case (Greenleaf, 2007). It is important to define what racial profiling in entirety is. It is the employment of an individual’s race or ethnicity realms with the help of the law enforcement agencies or police and is indeed a vital element within the arrest of a person or to leave him as he is. The racial profiling decides if a particular individual is hailing from a distinct race or ethnicity and then to treat him in the same light. This is biased and deals with a lot of hatred for a singular race or ethnic division within the society. These decisions, when undertaken by the law enforcement age ncies and institutions or police become controversial because when one takes into consideration the element of race and ethnicity, the matter does not remain partial at all. In some countries of the world, this is contemplated as an illegal action, which many believe is a step in the right direction. The evidence that is available for the racial profiling regimes is such that it is an ineffective and futile strategy and should always be kept at a safe distance from the discussions which center on the premise of racial profiling. When one thinks of the society as a whole, the racial profiling discussions come out in the open. This is because racial profiling does not give significance to how things are dealt with, in a balanced way. The element of being partial goes out of the window, and thus this is such a nuisance that it hurts the cause of the society more than anything else. What can be done best is to keep away from the shores of racial profiling so that success amongst the jus tice domains is achieved without any hindrance whatsoever (Paxton, 2009). Therefore, there is a dire need to understand the nuances that revolve around the racial profiling debates, and much consideration should be paid towards removing the negativities that surround the systems which engulf the society in more ways than one. Justice is a much desired entity within any society of the world for quite obvious reasons. It is something that paves the way for the growth and development realms within a society and is always welcomed with a sense of purpose and achievement at the end. Justice is always appreciated by the people of the society as they know that the offenders would be taken to task, and their negative intent would be dealt with in a stern way. Peace within any society of the world could be best achieved if the offenders know that if they commit an act which is against the dictum of humanity and sanity, they would be held accountable for the same, and their acts will be banis hed in the strongest possible manner (Crystal, 2010). The deterrent to the justice debates is such an important element that one can think of the racial profiling to be totally against the very idea. The changing scenarios must therefore be understood from the angle of racial profiling as this is significant in the time and age of today. The causes for the racial pr

Evaluate the arguments offered by Neil Postman in Technopoly on the Essay

Evaluate the arguments offered by Neil Postman in Technopoly on the basis of the history of America (1865 to the present) and in - Essay Example In short society is moving towards age of digital fashion that is more developed with the thoughts to provide maximum benefits to human beings. In early ages of 18th century this development was much limited with construction and better reconstruction works. But with the passage of time it became more of an electronic era rather then human society, this approach gave a boost to highly develop technology and use it for ease of humans. Except of lot of positive reviews and lovers of electronic era this truth can not be neglected that it made humans rusty with the same ratio! And to enlighten this aspect of modern life Neil Postman contributed with a lot of efforts and different approach. In an interview he mentioned his views about the new technology when he was asked about the positive and beneficial effects on society especially of the Internet and Email. It’s true that technology has been advancing nowadays, too fast, therefore we are at an era of speed, where computers as we ll as everything that has to do with growing technology rules our life, in the frame of Technopoly, having a relative impact on all fields of today life, mainly in USA, but no one is basically responsible for this, and all we have to do is follow growth of Technology, as Technopoly contributes to financial growth and we just have to follow the stream. Technopoly is a reality and we have to accept it and adjust to this reality. Technopoly is a need nowadays. But we should not compromise our moral values, nor can technopoly replace them, or substitute them. Our culture has changed, and we cannot do something else for it, just follow the stream. But this may not mean that we prefer Technopolis or culture based on Technopolis, and destruction of our old culture with books and manual work. Technology should’t becomes a way of life as it is nowadays, but just a helping tool, tool of adaption and not adoption. "Most of our daily news is inert, consisting of information that gives us something to talk about but cannot lead to any meaningful action.† (68).1 — Neil Postman In our digital era, all fields such as knowledge and education are ruled by technology. Postman claims that our today culture satisfies its needs from technology, also taking its orders from it. We can claim further by analyzing this argument that technology functions in a way of pyramid whereas: On the base is culture, on the center is technology and on the top is multicultural and globalization, being as superstructure, identified with globalization and digital era with all consequences in the moral and social field of technopolis, which rules our life. Thus education is by ruled by technology, a new culture is formed throughout technopolis, and work is based on it. Technology may mean the end of education, as instead of reading a book of literature we prefer surfing on the Internet. USA in the past two centuries, thus from 1865 and hence up to the two last decades of 20th centur y and even more, had been a country with a grown population and too many immigrants. These people used to go there to work, in the dawn of industrial revolution, and when still USA was a state the development of which was based on agriculture initially. Then multicultural society was not only enhanced by technology, but it created itself the conditions for technology development and a further relative developed culture, that today rules technopolis and it

The Four Marks Of The Catholic Church Religion Essay

The Four Marks Of The Catholic Church Religion Essay One, holy, catholic, apostolicà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦the four marks of the Catholic Church; a deacons ministry involves all four. I chose the fourth mark of the Church to identify my pastoral ministry because the Church was brought into being by the apostles on the basis of the Person, teaching and deeds of Jesus Christ. The apostolicity of the church stands on its consistency to the teachings of the apostles which are to be safeguarded by bishops in the apostolic succession. This same authority has been handed down through the Sacrament of Holy Orders from bishop to priests and deacons. No bishop, priest, or deacon in the Catholic Church is self-ordained or self-declared; he is called by the Church and ordained into the ministry given by Jesus to His Church. There is a clear connection between deacons today and almost 2,000 years ago as detailed in the Acts of the Apostles. The ministry of the Deacon is charity, word and sacrament. It is the Deacon who often brings Christ to the prisons, the hospitals, and nursing homes. The Deacon helps bridge the gap between the Church and community. Another example of the apostolic Church is the deposit of faith in both Sacred Scripture and Sacred Tradition that has been preserved and handed on by the apostles. Jesus Christ founded the Church upon the apostles: Did I not choose you, the twelve?(John 6:70) It is clear, that the Church was started by Christ himself. The issue is did the apostles have the power and authority to pass on what they had received from Christ? The New Testament is clear that they did in fact have that authority. Titus 1:5-9 references overseers and holding firmly to the message. The ministry of Peter and the Apostles continues by the bishops under the Pope. By a mystical sense of faith, the People of God under the leadership of the bishops join themselves to the apostolic faith. The pastoral ministry of the bishops is to safeguard the People of God in the truth. The teachers are not above the word of God, they serve it. This deposit is the doctrine and the teaching that Jesus assigned to his Apostles when he taught and directed them to take it out to all nations. (Mt. 28:16-20) They, in turn handed it down to their Successors. (Mt 28:20) The deacons were instrumental in this taking it to the streets. Jesus did not hold a Saturday night revival. He went out to the people. He sent His disciples out to reach the masses. The Church began because the disciples were out doing everyday things in the community. The source of the deposit of faith is Jesus. It began in his teaching of the Apostles, as he prepared them to teach to all nations. The Apostles knew that the teaching they received from Jesus and that they handed on was the Word of God. It was the Word of God put into teachable form by Jesus and handed on by through apostolic teaching. Knowing this could not be more important for the self-identity of ordained ministers today. It is the primary duty of all the ordained, to hand on this Word of God to the faithful without straying from Church teaching. It is the Deposit of Faith. The charge to see to this reliability in teaching the Deposit of Faith is contained in the rite of ordination of all men of Holy Orders. In the Profession of Faith which all clergy take before ordination, and again whenever they take up an office in the Church, the same is affirmed: With firm faith, I also believe everything contained in the Word of God, whether written or handed down in Tradition, which the Church, either by a solemn judgment or by the ordinary and universal Magisterium, sets forth to be believed as divinely revealed. I also firmly accept and hold each and everything definitively proposed by the Church regarding teaching on faith and morals. Moreover, I adhere with religious submission of will and intellect to the teachings which either the Roman pontiff or the College of Bishops enunciate when they exercise their authentic Magisterium, even if they do not intend to proclaim these teachings by a definitive act. Apostolic Letter Motu Proprio AD TUENDAM FIDEM This is the all-encompassing life of the Church. It is the whole of Tradition. It includes the full trifecta of Word, Sacrament, and Charity. The implication of unity of communion with the bishops as successors of the Apostles, and with the Successor of Peter as head of that College is very important. Apart from that communion, there is no full and complete fulfillment of Christs command to preach, baptize, and make disciples of all men. The Permanent Diaconate brings back to the church the full fold of active apostolic ministries. Deacons are ordained to function in word, charity and service in communion with the bishop and priests; in the communication of the Word; in the celebration of the sacraments and obligation to prayer; and to minister through action and service. The Deacons role in Sacred Liturgy is also important. The parish sees a part of the deacons ministry from the altar; this part of his ministry flows out of a result of his other ministries of charity and service to the parish and community. Deacons have always been called to serve; to be the presence of Jesus, to be in touch with the community. By the way he lives his life; the deacon puts service into action and makes Jesus Christ visible to the world all while teaching and protecting the faith handed down from apostles.

School Project :: essays research papers

Introduction from the principal†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Students and Parents: We welcome you all here to Hard Knock High School. High school experiences offers learning opportunities that will provide skills to prepare you for post high school choices. Our staff at HKHS is here to help you through your high school career, and with anything else you need. We are open to the public, which means anyone can go here. We are all here to work with you, not against you, as most of you would like to think that we throw you in school to punish you. That is not true. If you try, just a little, then your high school experience at HKHS will be the best you will ever have. I wish you success in all your endeavors as a student at Hard Knock High School. Sincerely, Jessica C. Lynch Principal Rules of School 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Respect your peers as well as Teachers 2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  No Weapons 3.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  No Drugs 4.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  No Drinking 5.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  No Sexual Contact 6.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  No Beat boxes 7.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  No Profanity ACADEMIC REQUIREMENTS CREDIT REQUIREMENTS In order to graduate from Hard Knock High School, a student shall be required to earn the following:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  70 credits (based on 72 possible in grades 9-12) One credit will be given to each class passed with a D+ or higher for each term. REQUIRED COURSES ENGLISH – 14 CREDITS SOCIAL SCIENCE – 12 CREDITS SCIENCE – 8 CREDITS HEALTH – 2 CREDITS COMPUTER LITERACY – 4 CREDITS ATHLETIC ELIGIBILTY All students that wish to play school sports must keep a GPA of 2.00 or higher. No excuses. COLLEGE PREPARATORY FRESHMAN  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  SOPHOMORE  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  JUINOR  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  SENIOR English 9 U.S. History Math Science Health Electives: Keyboarding, modern language fine arts, life skills, etc.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  English 10 Am. History Math Biology Phys. Ed. Electives: Modern language, fine arts, business, life skills.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  English 11 Government Electives: Math, Chemistry, etc.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Economics English Math Science Social Sci Modern Lang. Course Selection Index BUSINESS EDUCATION †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Keyboarding †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Basic Economics 1 & 2 †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Business Math †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Accounting 1 & 2 †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Computer Applications †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Web Publishing †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Word Processing and Advanced †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Business Management †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Work Experience †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  School to work Mentorship and Internship FINE ARTS †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Drama and Theater †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Drawling †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Painting †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ceramics †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Sculpture †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Set Design †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Chorale †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Chorus †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Band †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Art Seminar 1 & 2 †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Computer Design †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Dance ENGLISH †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Journalism †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Speech †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Yearbook Publications †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  English 9th †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  English 10th

Ms2 Course Review

2013 Exam Review Session CGA MS2 Information Systems’ Strategy 1 Agenda Agenda will change as needed to suit your needs †¢ 2 pm Start. †¢ Introduction & Feedback Solicitation †¢ 2:10 – 2:30: Fundamentals of Business Case Analysis †¢ 2:30 – 3:45. Business Case Example/s †¢ Break 10 mins †¢ 3:55 – 5pm Review of key items from all modules †¢ 5pm Finish. 2 Nine-step approach to case analysis Spend about 40% of your time on the case – 90 minutes. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Skim the case. Read the case closely. Identify problems, threats, and opportunities. Analyze the data. Generate alternatives.Select the decision criteria. Analyze and evaluate the alternatives. Make a recommendation or decision. Determine Implementation steps & associated Risks. 3 Executive Summary (3 marks) †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ Objective of the report Key problems/threats/opportunities identified State Alternatives (briefly) Recommendation s – Include completion date & Implementation strategy – Key Risk and mitigation (briefly) †¢ It should suffice as a Stand alone report REVIEW YOUR CASE†¦ 4 Current Situation (10 marks) †¢ List some of the strengths/ Strategic advantages †¢ Is there an existing system? What is wrong? – – – – – List & briefly explain the problems Categorize them if possible Determine Root cause, if there is one single cause? Business fundamental shortcomings? Conflicts? †¢ Does the technology used align / support the business model? †¢ Organizational misfits? †¢ Strategic misfits? 5 Current Situation contd†¦ †¢ What is the Impact? – Cost: quantified in $$ – Does it meet current or future business needs? – Intangible impacts – Strategic †¢ Threats †¢ Opportunities – Competitive – Technological 6 Criteria (5 marks) †¢ What is Criteria?What is it used for? †¢ State it at a high level where you can †¢ Prioritize the criteria – and show that you have done so. †¢ Explain why you chose each criterion †¢ Measuring each criterion? ($, market share/Sales, other goals) – Does it meet current or future business needs? – $ savings – Intangible benefits – Strategic †¢ Threats †¢ Opportunities – Competitive – Technological 7 Alternatives & Recommendation (15 marks) †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ Improvise & use your imagination (just be logical). Each alternative should be a mostly complete Solution. Each alternative should be feasible.Assess each alternative based upon the criteria – show this analysis in your work. †¢ Other pros & cons (other than in the criteria) †¢ Alternatives don’t have to be mutually exclusive. They can be a combination of the options identified. †¢ Why did you choose the recommended alternative/s? – Benefit s – Explain how it achieves the objective/resolves the problem – Limitations / risks 8 Alternatives & Recommendation (Continued†¦) †¢ Make a recommendation (use a positive voice! ) – Do not just suggest something – Do not say it weakly or ambiguously †¢ I believe†¦ / In my opinion†¦ / My thoughts are†¦ Clearly recommend an action and explain †¢ what it is and †¢ why it fits the criteria. (if you have not already in the analysis). 9 Risk Management Plan (15 marks) Read Carefully the requirements of this section. Does it require an Implementation / Action plan as well? †¢ Narrative explanation – Implementation Strategy/Approach (at a high level)? – Assumptions / Requirements †¢ High level Risks, Ethical, Privacy issues? (Probability & Impact) †¢ Mitigation Strategies †¢ Plan ‘B’ †¢ Actual implementation steps and, within each step – Step Risk if any and mitiga tion plan if any †¢ †¢ †¢ Time Lines / Time Frame / Schedule Detail Costs Responsibilities Project Phases, if any†¦ short term, long term 10 Exam Review Session †¢ Go over Business Case – Tony’s Auto Services Inc. from 2010 June exam 11 Some multiple choice tips†¦ †¢ When answering a true and false question on the Exam simply break down complex sentences into smaller phrases. Each phrase has to be true or the entire sentence is false. †¢ And, for multiple choice questions try to answer the question before looking at the answer choices. Remember that a perfect answer may not be given as a choice.Choose the best answer. – Source Certified Fraud Examiners (CFE) Exam Coach. 12 Strategic Alignment †¢ Look for IT Strategy to support Business strategy. †¢ IT to differentiate from competition †¢ IT to reduce costs †¢ IT to bring business â€Å"Quick to market† †¢ IT to create new markets / products †¢ IT to tie suppliers and customers 13 Porter's five forces †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ threat of new entrants bargaining power of customers bargaining power of suppliers threat of substitute products or services rivalry among existing competitors 14 Threat of New Entrants Mitigation Strategies: – High entry cost. Equipment, buildings, infrastructure, etc. – Mature Information Systems – Expertise & Knowledge – Compete aggressively on Price – Lock in partners for a competitive edge – Brand recognition. Product Differentiation. – Focus on a Market niche – Operating Efficiencies Pace of change – IT 16 Moore’s Law & Metcalfe’s Law †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ Dropping price of computer Storage Dropping cost of processing (â€Å"mips†) Double the power every 18 months Metcalfe’s Law – The value of the network is the square of the sum of the nodes. Therefore stick with po pular technology 17 Strategic Planning for IS †¢ How is Planning done? – Top Down / Strategic Analysis – Bottom Up / Enterprise Analysis – Scenario Planning / â€Å"What if’† Analysis †¢ When is Planning done? – – – – – – Short Term Long Term Mergers & Acquistions Economic downturns As part of a Budgeting Exercise After a major disaster. 18 Planning Issues †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ Scalability Capacity planning Standardization vs. differentiation Legacy systems – Upgrade to new system or integrate with new technology but old core. 9 Total Cost of Ownership †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ Hardware Software Installation Training Support Ongoing Maintenance & S/W Upgrades Infrastructure costs Data Backups, Business Continuity, Insurance Downtime Space, Energy, Security 20 Six IT Decisions – IT should not make 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. How mu ch to spend Allocation amongst Business Processes Firm-wide IT capabilities How much IT Security & Privacy issues Blame over failure 21 IT Governance 22 10. 3 OVERVIEW OF SYSTEMS DEVELOPMENT 23 Achieving Success in IS Projects †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ clearly defined goals excellent communication management involvement definitive timelines Project management skills S. M. A. R. T Objectives. Why do they Fail? †¢ lack of understanding of the desired results (imprecise targets) †¢ poor estimating techniques for budgeting and scheduling †¢ small, unadjusted schedule slippage, which cumulatively results in a major delivery delay †¢ lack of project management skills or leadership †¢ poorly trained analysts and programmers †¢ conflicting goals and objectives among the project team members and users use of inappropriate software or hardware tools 25 Make Vs. Buy – Issues – – – – – – – â€⠀œ – Cost Specialized functionality Ability to integrate with other existing Systems Ability to change the s/w Maintenance / Service Contract Update / Upgrade Speed of delivery KNOWLEDGE – Business vs. Industry vs. Functional Responsibility vs. Control vs. Risk Conversion 27 Parallel †¢ Pros †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ Least risk of not meeting objectives Compare results to ensure correctness Gentle weaning off of the ‘old’ system Resilient to errors. Cons †¢ Duplication of effort †¢ Requires additional computing resources †¢ Not possible in every situation 28 Pilot †¢ Pros – – – – Allows for a small, low risk, controlled test bed Allows for a Go-NoGo decision w/o large investment Limits disruption & harm Helps overcome user resistance †¢ Cons – Still Costly to run 2 systems – even if scaled down – Results may not extrapolate to ‘full install’ – Choice of Pilot site is critical 29 Phased †¢ Pros – – – Incremental approach with functional Phase-in Allows for Phased Systems’ Development Allows time for orientation of the new technology Usually easier to manage the change †¢ Cons – Still running 2 systems, – Longer disruption 30 Direct Cutover †¢ Pros – Quick – Easy on resource utilization (only 1 system running) – Low cost †¢ Cons – – – – – – Risky Requires full training & preparation Requires ‘all hands’ on deck for Implementation Causes spike in Help desk calls Creates disruption, uncertainty, confusion Errors can cause Business Loss / interruption 31Internet as a business tool Advantages †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ Wider Market exposure New ways to communicate (text, voice, video) Economical (ISP, programming, Shipping) 24x7x365 Anywhere, Anytime Off loads work to the customer Convenient for the customer if well designed. Quick & Easy to update / Change – Real time Consistent Information / Prices 32 Internet as a business tool Disadvantages †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ Not everybody has access & high speed Impersonal & not so interactive No touch & feel of the goods Replacement for good business practice?Lack of consumer trust Legal challenges Socio-economic factors (availability of access) Privacy Challenges Groupware & Collaborative s/w †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ MS NetMeeting / Communicator / Remote PC support Rolling out s/w updates and self healing s/w IBM Lotus Notes & Domino EMC Documentum Virtual Meeting, avatars , e-Rooms (SDLC Project Mgmt) Private Cloud computing – – – – VPN Storage space Applications Virtualization †¢ Data Warehousing †¢ Data Mining †¢ Business Intelligence s/w Strategic use of the Internet †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ Cost Reduction Strategic Alliances Differentiation of products & services Customer Loyalty (custom mass production) Value Chains To take advantage of Internet Technologies: – Keep focused on Business Strategy (Internet doesn’t compensate for bad or missing strategy) – Simplify & Integrate your customer facing processes – to enable self service – Adhere to evolving IT standards Rationale for E-Business †¢ Diminished Information Asymmetry †¢ Richness vs. Reach †¢ Reduced transaction costs Ways to Reduce Costs Customer Self serve – Eliminate middle person – Customer data entry – Self research and reduced consultation time †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ Reduced Staffing levels Reduced Re-work Streamlined communication Faster 37 Securing online transactions The key issues in a transaction processing environment are †¢ identification (Who are you? ) †¢ authentication (How can I be sure you a re who you say you are? ) †¢ authorization (What authority do you have to make whatever transaction you seek? ) †¢ privacy (How can we be sure our transaction is private? †¢ nonrepudiation (How can we each be assured that the other will not later deny the transaction? ). Benefits / Limitations of Networking †¢ Sharing – Printers, Drives, Scanners, etc †¢ e-mail †¢ Centralized Administration – Distribution of S/W, Policies, Patches, A/V – Tracking, monitoring, Backing up data – Remote repair & Support †¢ Groupware †¢ Limitations – Cost, Security, Vulnerability 39 Client – Server Computing †¢ Centralized Computing †¢ Distributed Computing †¢ Advantages – Data Security & Centralization – Administration – Off Loads processing to Clients Disadvantages – extra complexity – Cost 40 Advantages of Outsourcing †¢ cost savings through economies of scale and s cope †¢ infusion of cash through liquidation of computer assets †¢ facilitate transition of data centre from cost centre to profit/loss centre †¢ ability to rapidly introduce new technology and access IT talent †¢ Better Scalability †¢ focus on core competencies †¢ Allows an objective look at process improvement by O/S 41 Limitations of Outsourcing loss of direct managerial control †¢ difficulty in reversing decision †¢ outsourcer’s viability (financial strength, responsiveness, service, and so on) †¢ dilutes the strength of in-house staff – Unique, one of a kind application support? – Will key staff stay permanent or be rotated? †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ vendor doesn’t know your business lack of flexibility untenable long-term contracts; fixed price versus service trade-off requires skills in partnership management strategic factors Privacy issues Monitoring / Managing Outsourcers 42 Risk Mitigation Strategies †¢ Risk Assessment †¢ Restrict Physical access Log all visitors – in/out †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ Cameras, Card Readers, Security Guards Alarms & monitoring Intrusion Detection Systems (network) Firewalls Restricted Network access Policies, signoff, and Security Awareness training 43 Risk Mitigation Strategies Cont†¦ †¢ Authentication (know, have, and are) – Password Strategies, Single Sign-on, Pass Phrase †¢ Authorization (Open / need to know) †¢ Access invocation / revocation procedures – Hiring / Firing / Promotion †¢ Segregation of Duties †¢ Adequate Supervision & Sign offs †¢ Monitoring, Logging, Reporting, and Acting on Information. 44 Good Luck!! 45

Confusing Preposition Pairs in English

Confusing Preposition Pairs in English Confusing  preposition pairs in English is one of the most common mistakes for ESL students. To help you avoid this mistake, review  some of the most commonly confused pairs of prepositions below.   In / Into The key difference between in and into is that in indicates a state of being, whereas into indicates motion. For example, into is often used to describe the movement of something from outdoors to indoors, such as in the sentence, I walked into the house.  By contrast,  in is used when a thing or person is stationary. For example, I found the book in the drawer. Examples Jack drove his car into the garage.My friend lives in that house.The teacher came quickly into the room and began the lesson.The dishes are in that cupboard.   On / Onto Similar to into and in, onto indicates motion where on does not. Onto normally indicates that something is placed onto something else. For example, I put the dishes onto the table when I set it. On shows that something already rests on a surface. For example, The picture is hanging on the wall.   Examples I carefully placed the picture onto the wall.He put the book onto the desk.You can find the dictionary on the table.Thats a beautiful picture on the wall. Among / Between Among and between are almost exactly the same in meaning. However, between is used when something is placed between two objects. Among, on the other hand, is used when something is placed among many objects. Examples Tom is between Mary and Helen in that picture.Youll find the letter among the papers on the table.Seattle is located between Vancouver, Canada, and Portland, Oregon.Alice is among friends this weekend. Beside / Besides Beside - without an s- means next to. For example, Tom is seated beside Alice. In contrast, Besides - with an s - states that something is in addition to something else. For example, Besides math, Peter is getting an A in history. Examples Hang your coat beside mine over there.There is so much work to do besides the normal tasks.Come sit down beside me.Besides potatoes, we need some milk.

Library Learning Activities BIO 107 (ANATOMY PHYSIOLOGY) Coursework

Library Learning Activities BIO 107 (ANATOMY PHYSIOLOGY) Coursework Library Learning Activities BIO 107 (ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY) – Coursework Example Library Learning Activities BIO 107 (ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY) Sarpe, V., & Jacob, C. . Simulating the decentralized processes of the human immune system in a virtual anatomy model. BMC Bioinformatics, 14(Suppl 6), 1-18. doi:10.1186/1471-2105-14-S6-S2Problem statement: the article discusses simulations that take place in decentralization of processes of the human immune system as to be in a virtual anatomy model. Processes in the human biological system can be explained using models of large systems. The research focuses on the physical perspectives of the immune processes of human beings. Complexity of the immune system has always been a challenge to explain without referring to spatial distribution of organs that relate to it. The research has incorporated different prototypes into one simulation of immune processes (Sarpe & Jacob, 2013). It has presented methodologies and modeling to depict a simulation system that is agent-based. The agents in the model include viruses, cytokines, an d immune cells. In this case, the system interacts with its components in two different ways which include inside a lymph node and within the tissue.The variables in the research are factors that make up the immune system. There is a clear description of how agents of the system interact. The research finds that agent-based simulations relate to the current simulations on human body immunity. The research has proved that the model can be used demonstrate how connected simulations occur (Sarpe & Jacob, 2013). The situation can be presented by the use of a network of computers. The research will have a positive impact on my profession. The model can be used as a tuning techniques on the study of immune system to help in understanding the processes. It would help in advancing by understanding on the immune system of the human body.ReferenceSarpe, V., & Jacob, C. (2013). Simulating the decentralized processes of the human immune system in a virtual anatomy model. BMC Bioinformatics, 14( Suppl 6), 1-18. doi:10.1186/1471-2105-14-S6-S2

Montessori Education Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Montessori Education - Essay Example One of the most important differences between the Montessori Method and other traditional methods is that the Montessori Method focuses on enhancing the natural enjoyment of learning. According to Dr. Montessori there are several â€Å"sensitivity periods† of development during which a child’s brain is chiefly open to learning definite skills or knowledge; From the birth to about the age of six children have an, â€Å"absorbent mind† through which they acquire boundless impetus to gain knowledge of and attain proficiency within their world. This is also a period where children perfect their skills and understandings; Movement enhances thoughts and learning. In other words this theory is against the traditional way of classroom teaching where the children have to sit in their respective places and the teacher imparts the knowledge from the text; Children do well when they are interested and get involved or actively participate in the learning process; Children are competent of independent learning, and learning is enhanced by having a sense of control within a learning environment; Order in the classroom environment is favourable for childrenà ¢â‚¬â„¢s learning; Children generally learn on their own during periods of independent powerful focus; Children become skilled through self-discovery, and learn from their own mistakes (Stoudenmier, N.D). The Montessori educational system is unique and is gaining much popularity around the world. It has effectively undergone continued development for more than seventy years and has been used successfully among various categories of children such as mentally retarded, physically handicapped, normal, and gifted children. Several researchers point out that one of the significant reason, for its success and popularity is that it is a comprehensive method of education consequential from a combination of research on development, learning, curriculum, and teaching. Montessori approach work

Polio Vaccine Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Polio Vaccine - Research Paper Example Polio victims constitute the vulnerable members of the population such as young children, pregnant women and people suffering from low immunity weakened by other medical conditions. Other risk factors associated with polio transmission include visiting polio prone areas, living with people suffering from the infection, working in the laboratory where scientists have kept live polio virus and removing tonsils. Poliovirus enters the environment through feces of an infected person. Transmission occurs through fecal-oral route via contaminated food and water. Additionally, direct contact with a victim can cause the transmission of poliovirus. People who stay close to one another for some time can experience the transfer of the virus from the infected to the new victim since it is highly contagious. The worst symptoms of polio are paralysis and death. Nonparalytic polio causes flu-like symptoms such as fever, headache and sore throat, vomiting, back and neck pain and muscle spasms, which last for a few days (John & Vashishtha, 2012). Forms of Polio Vaccines The forms of polio vaccines that have been recommended include inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV) and oral polio vaccine (OPV). Inactivated Poliovirus Vaccine IPV consists of a series of injections, which begin at two months after birth and continue until a child attains the age of four to six years. The reason for administering three spaced dozes is to generate adequate levels of seroconversion. Most countries consider adding a booster dose during adulthood. The inactivated poliovirus vaccine is created from inactivated poliovirus. Inactive poliovirus is safe and effective, thus cannot cause polio. Inactivated polio vaccine is made from killed wild-type poliovirus strains of each serotype. Doctors recommend lone dissemination for IPV or